Participatory budgeting is a process in which community members decide how a portion of public funds should be spent. Participatory budgeting in New York City (PBNYC) began with four City Council districts in 2011 and has expanded to 31 of the 51 districts in 2019. One of the goals of PBNYC is to make public spending more equitable. Using publicly available data, the team conducted a difference-in-difference analysis to determine whether PBNYC results in a reallocation of capital project funds within districts and the extent to which these effects are moderated by neighborhood income level, gentrification, and political engagement. The team’s findings provide insight into whether PBNYC actually increases resources where most needed and are particularly relevant for policymakers and other stakeholders planning for PBNYC implementation citywide.

Students with special needs have historically been overlooked in the American public school system and only in the last 50 years has the federal government provided explicit protections for these students. Existing literature shows evidence of ongoing and significant differences in referrals to special education services based on race and gender. The Capstone team sought to understand whether, and to what extent, disparities in special education access contribute to disparities in educational outcomes for marginalized groups. The team analyzed data from the 2011 Early Childhood Longitudinal Study conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and developed a final report outlining its findings to help inform special education support and services.

The Arthur Project (TAP) is a small nonprofit based in the Bronx that provides therapeutic mentoring services for underserved and vulnerable middle school youth and their families. Seeking to expand its impact, TAP engaged a Capstone team to develop a roadmap for program growth. The team assisted the client in assessing its operational readiness for growth, researching industry best practices, and identifying various models for nonprofit expansion. The team produced a literature review, environmental scan, and recommendations to inform TAP’s expansion. The recommendations include a set of prerequisites that best equip an organization for expansion, a suggested growth structure, and a screening tool to evaluate potential expansion sites.

Broadway for Arts Education (BAE) is a nonprofit organization that partners with the Broadway community and schools to bring transformative arts education programs to underserved youth around the world. BAE’s growing operation runs programs in New York, India, and Haiti with limited staff and resources. As a young organization, BAE is wary of staff burnout and its current strategic plan is disconnected from daily operations and programming. As such, BAE engaged a Capstone team to design performance development and review systems to achieve maximum organizational health, efficiency, sustainability, and impact. The team conducted extensive research with a literature review and an environmental scan consisting of interviews and case studies. An internal examination included surveys and interviews with BAE staff and board members. With its research, the team developed a report with five critical performance development and review recommendations, including a timeline for implementation and a toolkit with templates and resources.

For over 35 years, Echoing Green has been building a dynamic ecosystem to support and invest in emerging social entrepreneurs who work at the intersection of global justice, racial equity, and social innovation. In 2020, Echoing Green launched a $50 million Racial Equity Philanthropic Fund and a new Fellow support program to provide equitable and sustainable support to its community of nearly 1,000 Fellows. The organization tasked the Capstone team with developing an evaluation model for its new program structure to determine effectiveness and areas for improvement. The team researched the best ways to support BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, and people of color) social entrepreneurs and leaders on a global scale and studied the tools and support mechanisms that are most effective in community building across sectors, geographies, and identities. The team developed an assessment tool to collect quantitative and qualitative data on the impact of the new program structure and its support offerings. The team produced a final report with recommendations for the future of Echoing Green’s engagement model.