Occupational Segregation and Job Quality in New York State

The Federation of Protestant Welfare Agencies (FPWA) dismantles structural and systemic barriers that impede economic security and well-being, and strengthens the capacity of human service and faith organizations so New Yorkers with lower incomes can thrive. FPWA engaged the Capstone team to understand occupational segregation and job quality among janitors, childcare workers, and home care workers in New York State, as well as how factors such as immigration status, disability accommodations, workplace conditions, and social networks shape pathways and experiences at work. The Capstone team conducted qualitative interviews with workers across all three sectors and analyzed themes related to access, stability, workplace challenges, and perceptions of dignity and value. Research highlights both shared barriers and important differences across sectors, while also pointing to the resilience and expertise workers bring to their roles. Final report and recommendations identify key findings across sectors and inform future advocacy, research, and policy strategies to improve job quality for essential low-wage workers.