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Publication
The Legacy of Disadvantage: Multigenerational Neighborhood Effects on Cognitive AbilityThis study examines how the neighborhood environments experienced over multiple generations of a family influence children's cognitive ability. Building on recent research showing strong continuity in neighborhood environments across generations of family …
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Destination Effects: Residential Mobility and Trajectories of Adolescent Violence in a Stratified MetropolisTwo landmark policy interventions to improve the lives of youth through neighborhood mobility—the Gautreaux program in Chicago and the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) experiments in five cities—have produced conflicting results and have created a puzzle with …
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The Acute Effect of Local Homicides on Children's Cognitive PerformanceThis study estimates the acute effect of exposure to a local homicide on the cognitive performance of children across a community. Data are from a sample of children age 5–17 y in the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods. The effect of …
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Making the connections: community capacity for tobacco control in an urban African American communityDeveloping community capacity to improve health is a cornerstone of community-based public health. The concept of community capacity reflects numerous facets and dimensions of community life and can have different meanings in different contexts. This …
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The $5 man: the underground economic response to a large cigarette tax increase in New York CityOBJECTIVES: We examined the mechanisms by which living in a disadvantaged minority community influences smoking and illegal cigarette sale and purchasing behaviors after a large cigarette tax increase. METHODS: Data were collected from 14 focus groups …
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Scholasticism in Political ScienceCriticism of trends in political science centers on specific methodologies—quantitative methods or rational choice. However, the more worrisome development is scholasticism—a tendency for research to become overspecialized and ingrown. I define that trend …
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Welfare Politics in CongressThe stakes of political conflict involve contending values and issue definitions as well as policy. Welfare reform was the most important change in American domestic policy since civil rights. Its significance hinges crucially on how participants …
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The Role of Religious and Social Organizations in the Lives of Disadvantaged YouthThis paper examines whether participation in religious or other social organizations can help offset the negative effects of growing up in a disadvantaged environment. Using the National Survey of Families and Households, we collect measures of …
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Optimal Minimum Wage in the Classic Labor Supply and Demand ParadigmThis article demonstrates that minimum wage laws need not induce unemployment even under the classic labor supply-and-demand paradigm. As a result, minimum wage laws can be welfare-enhancing under the basic labor supply and demand model, suggesting the …
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Why Should We Care About Child Labor? The Education, Labor Market, and Health Consequences of Child Labor.Despite the extensive literature on the determinants of child labor, the evidence on the consequences of child labor on outcomes such as education, labor, and health is limited. We evaluate the causal effect of child labor participation among children in …
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Public Disclosure, Reputation Sensitivity, and Labor Law Compliance: Evidence from Better Factories CambodiaPublic disclosure of labor conditions has been suggested as one way to encourage compliance with labor law and improvements in working conditions. Analyzing labor law compliance data in the apparel industry from Better Factories Cambodia, this paper finds …
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Financial Incentives and FertilityThis paper investigates how fertility responds to financial incentives. We construct a large, individual-level panel data set of over 300,000 Israeli women during the period 1999–2005 with comprehensive information on their fertility histories, education, …
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Navigating Uncertain Waters: Mortgage Lending in the Wake of the Great RecessionGerecke, S., with V. Been et al. …
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Something of collaborative manufacture: The construction of race and gender identities in organizations~~ Using qualitative data, this paper documents how organizations contribute to the construction of their members’ race and gender identities. Data collection took place in four organizations, from a small nonprofit to a large financial services firm. …
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The Dynamic Population of ManhattanWe cannot understand Manhattan in the 21st century by relying on conventional measures of urban activity. Simply put, Manhattan consists of much more than its residential population and daily workforce. This island, measuring just 22.96 square miles, …
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The Emergence of the "Super-Commuter"The twenty-first century is emerging as the century of the "super-commuter," a person who works in the central county of a given metropolitan area, but lives beyond the boundaries of that metropolitan area, commuting long distance by air, rail, car, bus, …
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Minimum Parking Requirements, Transit Proximity and Development in New York CityNew York City policymakers are planning for a city of over 9 million residents by 2030, a large increase from today. A central goal of City officials is to accommodate this increase while simultaneously improving the City’s overall environmental …
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Causality vs. Correlation: Rethinking Research Design in the Case of Pedestrian Environments and WalkingThis paper investigates the causal effect of pedestrian environments on walking behavior and focuses on the issue of research design. The paper differentiates between two types of research designs:treatment-based and traveler-based. The first approach …
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Hospital Performance, the Local Economy, and the Local Workforce: Findings from a US National Longitudinal StudyAbstract Background: Pay-for-performance is an increasingly popular approach to improving health care quality, and the US government will soon implement pay-for-performance in hospitals nationwide. Yet hospital capacity to perform (and improve …
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Strengthening of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems in Latin America: Analysis of 12 CountriesOspina, S. …