9/11 and The Department of Design and Construction

In addition to the taking of lives and the destruction of the towers, the attacks on the World Trade Center, created a leadership vacuum. Fortunately, the Department of Design and Construction (DDC), a little known city agency, was able to quickly organize the clean-up effort that began almost simultaneously with the collapse of the two towers. This research paper looks into the unique characteristics that allowed individuals at the DDC to bring order and leadership to the chaos of Ground Zero.